846 - Steps, UVA

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#define db(a) \
cout << #a << " = " << a << endl
#define db2(a, b) \
cout << #a << " = " << a << " " << #b << " = " << b << endl
#define inf (1<<30)
#define foreach(it, m) \
for (typeof(m.begin()) it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
using namespace std;
int main() {
 #ifdef dennisbot
  freopen("in.in", "r", stdin);
  //freopen("ou.out", "w", stdout);
 #endif
 int x, y;
 int t;
 scanf("%d", &t);
 //db(t);
 for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
  scanf("%d%d", &x , &y);
  //db2(x, y);
  if (x == y) {
   puts("0");
   continue;
  }
  int n = (int)sqrt(y - x);
  //db(n);
  if (n * n == y - x)
   n = 2 * n - 1;
  else
   if (n * (n + 1) < y - x) {
    n = 2 * n + 1;
   }
   else n = 2 * n;
  /*db2(x, y);
  db(n);*/
  printf("%d\n", n);
 }
 return 0;
}

a good explanation can be found here
Algorithmist